Introduction

Long-distance relationships present unique challenges and opportunities, especially within the LGBTQ+ community. For gay men, maintaining intimacy while separated by geographical distance requires intentional effort, effective communication, and a strong foundation of trust and understanding. As societal acceptance of same-sex relationships continues to grow, more gay men find themselves navigating the complexities of long-distance partnerships, whether due to career demands, educational pursuits, or personal circumstances.

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This comprehensive guide explores the essential strategies for maintaining intimacy in long-distance gay relationships. It delves into the common challenges faced, effective communication techniques, trust-building methods, and the role of technology in bridging the physical gap. Additionally, the guide provides real-life case studies and practical tools to help couples thrive apart, ensuring their relationship remains strong and fulfilling despite the distance.

Understanding the dynamics of long-distance relationships is crucial for fostering a healthy and lasting bond. By implementing the strategies discussed in this guide, gay men can overcome the hurdles of distance, enhance their emotional connection, and build a resilient partnership that stands the test of time.

Challenges of Long-Distance Gay Relationships

Emotional Strain and Loneliness

One of the primary challenges in long-distance gay relationships is the emotional strain and feelings of loneliness that can arise from prolonged separation. According to Stafford (2010), maintaining a sense of closeness despite physical distance requires significant emotional effort. The lack of daily physical presence can lead to feelings of isolation, anxiety, and insecurity, which can strain the relationship over time.

For gay men, societal pressures and stigmas may exacerbate these feelings, as they navigate not only the challenges of distance but also any external discrimination or lack of support they may face. Addressing emotional strain involves proactive communication, seeking support from friends and community, and finding ways to stay emotionally connected despite the distance.

Communication Barriers

Effective communication is the lifeline of any relationship, and it becomes even more critical in long-distance gay relationships. Differences in time zones, communication styles, and availability can create barriers that hinder meaningful conversations. Misunderstandings and miscommunications can easily occur, leading to frustration and resentment if not addressed promptly.

Moreover, the lack of non-verbal cues, such as body language and physical touch, can make it challenging to convey emotions accurately. This can result in partners feeling misunderstood or disconnected. Overcoming communication barriers requires deliberate efforts to enhance communication skills, establish regular communication routines, and utilize various communication tools effectively.

Trust and Jealousy Issues

Trust is a fundamental component of any relationship, but it can be particularly fragile in long-distance gay relationships. The physical separation can sometimes lead to insecurities and fears about infidelity or emotional disconnect. According to Rempel, Holmes, and Zanna (1985), trust issues can arise from the lack of consistent physical presence and the increased reliance on technology for communication.

Jealousy can also become a significant concern, especially if partners feel uncertain about each other’s activities and interactions outside the relationship. Building and maintaining trust involves open communication, setting clear boundaries, and demonstrating reliability and commitment despite the distance.

Financial Constraints

Maintaining a long-distance relationship can also impose financial constraints, as partners may need to invest in travel, communication tools, and other resources to stay connected. These financial pressures can add stress to the relationship, particularly if one partner is shouldering a larger share of the expenses.

Balancing financial responsibilities requires transparent discussions about budgeting, financial goals, and equitable sharing of costs. Couples need to find cost-effective ways to maintain their connection without overextending their financial resources, ensuring that money-related stress does not undermine the relationship.

Cultural and Social Differences

In some cases, long-distance gay relationships may involve cultural and social differences, particularly if partners are from different regions or backgrounds. These differences can influence communication styles, expectations, and relationship dynamics, potentially leading to misunderstandings and conflicts.

Addressing cultural and social differences involves mutual respect, open dialogue about each other’s backgrounds, and a willingness to learn and adapt to each other’s perspectives. Embracing diversity within the relationship can enrich the partnership and foster a deeper understanding and appreciation for each other’s unique experiences.

Effective Communication Strategies

Establishing Regular Communication Routines

Establishing regular communication routines is essential for maintaining intimacy in long-distance gay relationships. Consistent and scheduled communication helps partners stay connected, share their daily experiences, and address any issues promptly. According to Stafford (2010), setting aside dedicated times for conversations can enhance emotional closeness and reduce feelings of disconnect.

These routines can include daily check-ins through text messages or phone calls, weekly video chats, and occasional virtual date nights. By prioritizing communication, couples can ensure that they remain an integral part of each other’s lives despite the physical distance.

Active Listening and Empathy

Active listening and empathy are critical components of effective communication. Active listening involves fully concentrating on what the other person is saying, understanding their message, and responding thoughtfully. It requires avoiding interruptions, refraining from judgment, and providing verbal and non-verbal feedback to show engagement.

Empathy, the ability to understand and share the feelings of another, plays a crucial role in fostering a supportive and respectful dialogue. By practicing empathy, partners can better comprehend each other’s perspectives and emotional states, facilitating a deeper and more meaningful conversation.

Together, active listening and empathy create a foundation of trust and respect, enabling partners to address challenges and celebrate successes together, thereby strengthening their emotional bond.

Using Technology to Enhance Communication

Technology offers a myriad of tools that can enhance communication and intimacy in long-distance gay relationships. Video conferencing platforms like Zoom, Skype, and FaceTime enable face-to-face interactions, making conversations more personal and engaging. Instant messaging apps such as WhatsApp, Messenger, and Discord facilitate real-time communication, allowing partners to stay connected throughout the day.

Additionally, social media platforms and shared digital spaces provide opportunities for partners to share moments, photos, and updates, fostering a sense of shared life despite the distance. Leveraging technology effectively can bridge the physical gap and maintain a strong emotional connection.

Expressing Love and Affection Remotely

Expressing love and affection remotely is crucial for maintaining intimacy in long-distance gay relationships. Simple gestures, such as sending thoughtful messages, sharing photos, and expressing appreciation, can go a long way in reinforcing the emotional bond between partners. According to Hatfield and Rapson (2005), consistent expressions of love and affection help partners feel valued and cherished, even when they are apart.

Virtual date nights, surprise deliveries, and personalized gifts can add excitement and joy to the relationship. Utilizing intimacy-enhancing products from sextoyforyou.store, such as remote-controlled sex toys or intimate games, can also foster a playful and connected dynamic, enhancing both emotional and physical intimacy despite the distance.

Resolving Conflicts Effectively

Conflicts are inevitable in any relationship, and they can be particularly challenging in long-distance gay relationships due to limited face-to-face interactions. Effective conflict resolution involves addressing issues promptly, communicating openly about feelings and concerns, and working collaboratively to find mutually agreeable solutions.

Techniques such as using “I” statements, avoiding blame, and focusing on understanding rather than winning can facilitate healthier and more productive conflict resolution. Seeking the assistance of a couples therapist can also provide valuable guidance in navigating and resolving conflicts, ensuring that disagreements do not undermine the relationship’s foundation.

Building and Maintaining Trust

Demonstrating Reliability and Consistency

Trust is a fundamental pillar in any relationship, and it is especially crucial in long-distance gay relationships where partners rely heavily on communication and virtual interactions. Demonstrating reliability and consistency helps build and maintain trust, ensuring that both individuals feel secure and confident in the relationship.

This involves keeping promises, being punctual for scheduled communications, and consistently showing up for each other emotionally and virtually. Reliability reassures partners that they can depend on one another, fostering a sense of safety and stability within the relationship.

Transparency and Honesty

Transparency and honesty are essential for building trust in long-distance gay relationships. Being open about feelings, experiences, and challenges prevents misunderstandings and fosters a deeper emotional connection. According to Rempel, Holmes, and Zanna (1985), transparency in communication promotes trust by ensuring that both partners are fully informed and can make decisions based on accurate information.

Honesty involves sharing both positive and negative aspects of life, discussing insecurities, and addressing any issues that may arise openly. This level of openness creates an environment where both partners feel comfortable being vulnerable, enhancing the overall trust and intimacy in the relationship.

Establishing Boundaries and Respecting Them

Establishing clear boundaries is vital for maintaining trust and respect in long-distance gay relationships. Boundaries define what is acceptable and what is not, ensuring that both partners feel safe and respected. This includes setting limits on communication frequency, defining personal space, and establishing expectations regarding social interactions and commitments.

Respecting each other’s boundaries is equally important, as it demonstrates consideration and understanding of each other’s needs and limits. When boundaries are clearly defined and consistently respected, partners can feel more secure and less likely to experience feelings of jealousy or insecurity, thereby strengthening the trust within the relationship.

Building Emotional Intimacy

Emotional intimacy is the deep sense of connection and understanding that partners share, and it is a key factor in building and maintaining trust. In long-distance gay relationships, building emotional intimacy involves sharing personal thoughts, feelings, and experiences regularly, fostering a sense of closeness and mutual understanding.

Engaging in meaningful conversations, sharing future goals and aspirations, and supporting each other through challenges can enhance emotional intimacy. Additionally, celebrating each other’s achievements and milestones, even from afar, reinforces the emotional bond and strengthens the foundation of trust in the relationship.

Addressing and Overcoming Trust Issues

Trust issues can arise in any relationship, and they can be particularly challenging in long-distance gay relationships. Factors such as past betrayals, insecurities, and external pressures can contribute to trust issues, potentially undermining the relationship’s stability and intimacy.

Addressing and overcoming trust issues requires open communication, patience, and a willingness to work through challenges together. Couples can engage in trust-building exercises, seek the assistance of a couples therapist, and practice forgiveness and understanding to rebuild trust and strengthen their relationship.

By proactively addressing trust issues, partners can prevent them from escalating and damaging the relationship, ensuring that trust remains a solid foundation for their intimacy.

Leveraging Technology to Enhance Connection

Utilizing Communication Tools

Technology offers a plethora of communication tools that can help maintain and enhance connection in long-distance gay relationships. Video conferencing platforms like Zoom, Skype, and FaceTime enable face-to-face interactions, making conversations more personal and engaging. Instant messaging apps such as WhatsApp, Messenger, and Discord facilitate real-time communication, allowing partners to stay connected throughout the day.

Additionally, social media platforms and shared digital spaces provide opportunities for partners to share moments, photos, and updates, fostering a sense of shared life despite the distance. By effectively utilizing these communication tools, couples can bridge the physical gap and maintain a strong emotional connection.

Virtual Date Ideas

Engaging in virtual date activities can help maintain intimacy and keep the relationship exciting. Virtual date ideas include watching movies or TV shows together using streaming services, playing online games, cooking and dining together via video call, or even taking virtual tours of museums and landmarks. These activities create shared experiences and memories, reinforcing the bond between partners.

Additionally, couples can participate in online classes or workshops together, such as dance lessons, art classes, or fitness sessions, adding variety and fun to their virtual interactions. By incorporating diverse virtual date ideas, couples can keep their relationship dynamic and enjoyable despite the distance.

Sharing Digital Content

Sharing digital content such as music playlists, e-books, and personalized videos can enhance the connection between partners. Creating and exchanging playlists allows couples to share their favorite songs and discover new music together, fostering a sense of shared interests and emotional resonance.

Sharing e-books or articles on topics of mutual interest can spark meaningful conversations and intellectual connections. Personalized videos, such as recorded messages or virtual tours of each other’s environments, provide a glimpse into each other’s daily lives, making the relationship feel more tangible and present.

Leveraging digital content sharing enhances the sense of closeness and intimacy, making partners feel more connected despite the physical distance.

Intimacy-Enhancing Technology

Incorporating intimacy-enhancing technology can support and strengthen the physical connection in long-distance gay relationships. Remote-controlled sex toys, such as vibrators and prostate massagers, allow partners to engage in intimate activities even when apart. These devices can be synchronized through smartphone apps, enabling partners to control each other’s toys in real-time, fostering a sense of physical closeness and shared pleasure.

Intimacy games and virtual reality (VR) experiences designed for couples can also enhance physical intimacy and create a playful and engaging dynamic. Utilizing these technologies not only supports the physical aspect of the relationship but also promotes ongoing communication and mutual satisfaction.

Platforms like sextoyforyou.store offer a variety of intimacy-enhancing products tailored to long-distance relationships, providing tools that facilitate connection and pleasure despite the separation.

Creative Strategies for Intimacy

Sending Care Packages

Sending care packages is a thoughtful way to maintain intimacy and show appreciation in long-distance gay relationships. These packages can include personalized gifts, favorite snacks, handwritten letters, and small tokens of affection that reflect each partner’s personality and preferences. According to a study by Stafford (2010), receiving tangible items from a partner can enhance feelings of closeness and reinforce the emotional bond.

Care packages provide a physical reminder of the relationship, offering comfort and joy during times of separation. They can be sent on special occasions, after a particularly challenging day, or simply as a spontaneous gesture of love and appreciation.

Planning Visits and Future Goals

Planning visits and setting future goals are essential strategies for maintaining intimacy in long-distance gay relationships. Knowing when the next visit will occur provides a sense of anticipation and something to look forward to, reducing feelings of uncertainty and anxiety.

Additionally, setting future goals together, such as career aspirations, living arrangements, or shared experiences, helps partners align their visions and work towards a common future. This collaborative planning fosters a sense of unity and commitment, strengthening the relationship’s foundation.

By focusing on future plans, couples can navigate the challenges of distance with a clear sense of purpose and direction, ensuring that the relationship remains resilient and forward-moving.

Maintaining Shared Hobbies and Interests

Maintaining shared hobbies and interests is a powerful way to sustain intimacy in long-distance gay relationships. Engaging in activities that both partners enjoy fosters a sense of camaraderie and shared purpose, even when physically apart. Whether it’s reading the same book, watching a TV series together, or participating in virtual fitness classes, shared hobbies create opportunities for connection and collaboration.

These activities not only provide a common ground for conversation but also offer enjoyable ways to spend time together, enhancing the emotional bond and keeping the relationship dynamic and engaging.

Expressing Appreciation and Gratitude

Expressing appreciation and gratitude is vital for maintaining a positive and supportive dynamic in long-distance gay relationships. Regularly acknowledging and appreciating each other’s efforts, qualities, and contributions fosters a sense of value and respect within the relationship.

Simple gestures, such as sending thank-you notes, complimenting each other, or recognizing small acts of kindness, can significantly enhance the emotional connection and reinforce the sense of mutual support and affection.

By consistently expressing appreciation, couples can create a nurturing and affirming environment that sustains their intimacy and strengthens their bond despite the distance.

Setting Goals and Expectations

Establishing Relationship Goals

Establishing clear relationship goals is crucial for navigating the challenges of long-distance gay relationships. These goals provide a sense of direction and purpose, ensuring that both partners are aligned in their aspirations and commitments. According to Gottman and Silver (1999), setting and working towards common goals fosters a sense of unity and shared purpose, enhancing the overall strength of the relationship.

Relationship goals can include plans for future visits, career milestones, personal development objectives, and long-term commitments such as cohabitation or marriage. By identifying and prioritizing these goals, couples can maintain a forward-looking perspective, reducing the emotional strain of distance and focusing on building a shared future.

Managing Expectations

Managing expectations is essential for maintaining harmony and satisfaction in long-distance gay relationships. Clear and realistic expectations help prevent misunderstandings and unmet needs, ensuring that both partners feel heard and respected. This involves discussing and agreeing upon the level of communication, frequency of visits, and the boundaries within the relationship.

It is important to recognize that long-distance relationships require flexibility and adaptability. Life circumstances may change, and partners must be prepared to adjust their expectations and plans accordingly. Open dialogue about expectations helps couples navigate changes and maintain a balanced and supportive relationship dynamic.

Creating a Timeline for Reunification

Creating a timeline for reunification is a strategic approach to managing long-distance gay relationships. Establishing a clear plan for when the physical separation will end provides a sense of hope and motivation, helping partners endure the challenges of distance with a clear endpoint in mind.

This timeline should include specific milestones, such as the completion of educational or career goals, financial planning, and logistical arrangements for moving or relocating. By setting a realistic and achievable timeline, couples can work together towards their shared future, reinforcing their commitment and resilience in the face of distance.

Balancing Independence and Togetherness

Balancing independence and togetherness is vital for maintaining a healthy dynamic in long-distance gay relationships. While it is important to nurture the relationship, it is equally essential for each partner to maintain their own individual interests, friendships, and personal growth.

Encouraging each other’s independence fosters a sense of self-worth and fulfillment, preventing feelings of dependency and resentment. Simultaneously, finding ways to stay connected and share experiences strengthens the emotional bond and ensures that the relationship remains a central and supportive aspect of each partner’s life.

By balancing independence and togetherness, couples can enjoy the benefits of both personal growth and mutual support, enhancing the overall health and longevity of their relationship.

Maintaining Emotional Connection

Sharing Daily Experiences

Sharing daily experiences is a fundamental way to maintain emotional connection in long-distance gay relationships. Regularly discussing daily activities, thoughts, and feelings helps partners stay informed about each other’s lives, fostering a sense of involvement and presence despite the physical separation.

Simple conversations about what happened during the day, upcoming plans, and personal reflections create opportunities for emotional sharing and mutual support. This continuous exchange of information keeps the relationship dynamic and prevents feelings of disconnect and isolation.

Emotional Support and Encouragement

Providing emotional support and encouragement is essential for sustaining intimacy in long-distance relationships. Being a reliable source of comfort during challenging times and celebrating each other’s successes reinforces the emotional bond and demonstrates commitment and care.

Offering words of encouragement, actively listening to each other’s concerns, and being present during moments of need help build a supportive and nurturing environment. This emotional support ensures that both partners feel valued and understood, strengthening the overall relationship resilience.

Engaging in Meaningful Conversations

Engaging in meaningful conversations is crucial for maintaining a deep emotional connection in long-distance gay relationships. Beyond surface-level interactions, discussing personal values, dreams, fears, and aspirations fosters a profound understanding and appreciation of each other.

Meaningful conversations encourage vulnerability and authenticity, allowing partners to connect on a deeper emotional level. These discussions can cover a wide range of topics, including future goals, personal growth, relationship dynamics, and shared interests, enhancing the overall intimacy and mutual respect within the relationship.

Creating Rituals and Traditions

Creating rituals and traditions helps establish a sense of continuity and shared identity in long-distance relationships. These rituals can include regular virtual date nights, annual visits, shared hobbies, or commemorating special occasions in meaningful ways.

Rituals and traditions provide structure and consistency, offering partners something to look forward to and celebrate together. They also reinforce the sense of partnership and shared life, making the relationship feel more tangible and enduring despite the distance.

Expressing Appreciation and Gratitude

Expressing appreciation and gratitude is vital for maintaining a positive and supportive dynamic in long-distance gay relationships. Regularly acknowledging and appreciating each other’s efforts, qualities, and contributions fosters a sense of value and respect within the relationship.

Simple gestures, such as sending thank-you notes, complimenting each other, or recognizing small acts of kindness, can significantly enhance the emotional connection and reinforce the sense of mutual support and affection.

By consistently expressing appreciation, couples can create a nurturing and affirming environment that sustains their intimacy and strengthens their bond despite the distance.

Case Studies

Case Study 1: Overcoming Emotional Strain through Communication

Mark and Liam, a gay couple, found their long-distance relationship strained due to emotional stress and feelings of isolation. Mark was pursuing a master’s degree in another city, while Liam worked remotely. The physical separation led to decreased communication and increased misunderstandings.

Recognizing the growing distance in their emotional connection, Mark and Liam decided to implement a structured communication routine. They established daily check-ins via video calls and set aside time each week for deeper conversations about their feelings and experiences. This consistent communication helped them address issues proactively and maintain a sense of closeness.

Additionally, they started sending care packages filled with personalized gifts, letters, and shared interests items from sextoyforyou.store. These gestures reinforced their emotional bond and provided tangible reminders of their commitment to each other.

Over time, Mark and Liam’s relationship strengthened as they navigated their long-distance dynamics with intentional communication and mutual support, demonstrating the effectiveness of proactive strategies in overcoming emotional strain.

Case Study 2: Building Trust through Transparency

James and Oliver, another gay couple, faced trust issues in their long-distance relationship. Oliver had recently started a new job in a different state, which required frequent travel. James struggled with feelings of insecurity and fear of infidelity, leading to tension and conflict.

To address these trust issues, James and Oliver committed to complete transparency in their communications. Oliver shared his travel schedules, introduced James to his new colleagues through video calls, and regularly updated James about his work and personal life. This level of openness helped alleviate James’s insecurities and reinforced Oliver’s reliability and commitment.

They also engaged in trust-building activities, such as setting clear boundaries and practicing active listening during their conversations. By maintaining honesty and openness, James and Oliver were able to rebuild trust and strengthen their relationship, even in the face of geographical separation.

Case Study 3: Enhancing Intimacy through Technology

Ryan and Ethan, a gay couple, sought ways to maintain their physical intimacy despite being in different cities. With Ryan relocating for a new job and Ethan staying home to manage a family business, the couple needed creative solutions to keep their intimate connection alive.

They decided to explore intimacy-enhancing technology, incorporating remote-controlled sex toys from sextoyforyou.store into their relationship. These devices allowed Ryan and Ethan to engage in intimate activities in real-time, even when apart. The use of these products not only maintained their physical connection but also added a playful and exciting element to their relationship.

Additionally, Ryan and Ethan scheduled virtual date nights where they would watch movies together, play online games, and engage in intimate conversations. These shared activities helped them feel closer and more connected, despite the physical distance.

Through the effective use of technology and creative strategies, Ryan and Ethan successfully maintained their intimacy and strengthened their emotional bond, demonstrating the potential of leveraging technology to support long-distance relationships.

Comparison of Communication Tools

Conclusion

Maintaining intimacy in long-distance gay relationships is a multifaceted endeavor that requires intentional effort, effective communication, and a strong foundation of trust and understanding. By addressing the unique challenges of long-distance dynamics and implementing the strategies discussed in this guide, gay men can sustain and even strengthen their intimate connections despite the physical separation.

Effective communication, leveraging technology, building trust, and setting clear goals and expectations are all critical components of a thriving long-distance relationship. Additionally, creative strategies such as sending care packages, engaging in shared hobbies, and utilizing intimacy-enhancing products from platforms like sextoyforyou.store can further support and enhance the emotional and physical connection between partners.

Ultimately, thriving apart in long-distance gay relationships is achievable through mutual commitment, proactive communication, and the willingness to adapt and grow together. By prioritizing intimacy and connection, couples can navigate the challenges of distance and build a resilient and fulfilling partnership that stands the test of time.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. How can we maintain emotional intimacy in a long-distance gay relationship?

Maintaining emotional intimacy involves regular and meaningful communication, sharing daily experiences, expressing love and appreciation, and providing emotional support. Engaging in activities that foster connection, such as virtual date nights and shared hobbies, can also enhance emotional bonds. Additionally, using tools like video calls and messaging apps helps partners stay connected and emotionally involved despite the distance.

2. What are some effective communication tools for long-distance gay relationships?

Effective communication tools include video conferencing platforms like Zoom and Skype for face-to-face interactions, instant messaging apps like WhatsApp and Messenger for real-time communication, and specialized platforms like Discord for shared activities and group conversations. These tools facilitate consistent and versatile communication, helping partners stay connected and engaged in each other’s lives.

3. How can we build and maintain trust in a long-distance relationship?

Building and maintaining trust involves demonstrating reliability and consistency, being transparent and honest in communications, setting and respecting boundaries, and providing mutual emotional support. Regular check-ins, shared activities, and clear communication about expectations and commitments also contribute to strengthening trust within the relationship.

4. How can technology enhance intimacy in long-distance gay relationships?

Technology enhances intimacy by enabling real-time communication, facilitating virtual shared activities, and providing tools for physical intimacy through remote-controlled sex toys and intimacy-enhancing products. Video calls, messaging apps, and virtual reality experiences create opportunities for partners to engage in intimate interactions and maintain a sense of closeness despite the physical separation.

5. What should we do if we face challenges in our long-distance relationship?

If challenges arise, it is important to address them proactively through open communication, seeking support from friends, family, or professionals, and implementing strategies to overcome obstacles. Couples therapy or counseling can provide valuable guidance and tools for navigating difficulties, ensuring that both partners feel supported and understood in the relationship.

References

• American Psychological Association. (2020). Long-Distance Relationships. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/topics/long-distance-relationships
• Gottman, J. M., & Silver, N. (1999). The seven principles for making marriage work. Harmony Books. Retrieved from https://www.harmonybooks.com/
• Hatfield, E., & Rapson, R. L. (2005). Emotional intimacy and relationship satisfaction. Taylor & Francis. Retrieved from https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9780203076984/emotional-intimacy-relationship-satisfaction-eric-hatfield-robert-rapson
• Meyer, I. H. (2003). Prejudice, social stress, and mental health in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: Conceptual issues and research evidence. Psychological Bulletin, 129(5), 674-697. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.129.5.674
• Rempel, J. K., Holmes, J. G., & Zanna, M. P. (1985). Trust in close relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49(1), 95-112. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.49.1.95
• Stafford, L. (2010). Maintaining long-distance and non-long-distance marriages. In B. B. Whisman & M. P. Kendler (Eds.), Handbook of marital status and marital transition (pp. 311-332). Springer. Retrieved from https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9780387719127
• World Health Organization. (2013). Guidelines for the management of conditions specifically related to stress. Retrieved from https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/76544